@Article{SabaSilvPantSilv:2022:ClViLi,
               author = "Saba, Marcelo Maglh{\~a}es Fares and Silva, Diego Rhamon Reis da 
                         and Pantuso, John G. and Silva, Caitano L. da",
          affiliation = "{Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto 
                         Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {New Mexico Tech} and 
                         {New Mexico Tech}",
                title = "Close View of the Lightning Attachment Process Unveils the 
                         Streamer Zone Fine Structure",
              journal = "Geophysical Research Letters",
                 year = "2022",
               volume = "49",
               number = "24",
                pages = "e2022GL101482",
             keywords = "cloud-to-ground flash, corona, lightning rod, streamers, 
                         unconnected upward leaders, upward connecting leader.",
             abstract = "A very close high-speed video observation of lightning attachment 
                         to a building revealed novel details regarding the leader streamer 
                         zone dynamics. Upward leaders propagate in a steady and unbranched 
                         manner, displaying a uniformly luminous corona brush. The 
                         exception being the upward connecting leader (UCL) just before 
                         connection, when its streamer zone increases in size and develops 
                         a more filamentary pattern. Downward negative leaders have 3-m 
                         long multiple streamers emanating from each negative leader tip. 
                         On some occasions, plasma formations known as space stems are seen 
                         to form in the location previously occupied by negative streamers. 
                         Space stems have luminosities comparable to the main leader 
                         channel, but are detached from it by 4 m. Some space stems display 
                         streamers of their own, including cases where streamers are 
                         emanating from both ends. The space stem formation hampered the 
                         propagation of the negative leader that was closest to the UCL.",
                  doi = "10.1029/2022GL101482",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2022GL101482",
                 issn = "0094-8276",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "Geophysical Research Letters - 2022 - Saba - Close View of the 
                         Lightning Attachment Process Unveils the Streamer Zone Fine.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "01 maio 2024"
}